Semantic Analysis of Chinese directional complement

趋向补语的语义分析

Abstract

Modern Chinese directional complements have been receiving attention from the academic circles since the pre-Qin period. By the Han Dynasty, directional complements had already developed abundantly. There has been research on the ontology of directional complements since the 1980s. Formally, directional complements consist of verbs and subsequent directional words. We study and analyze the semantics presented by Chinese directional complements, which includes its directional, resultative, and dynamic interpretations. Although each semantic category is derived from its directional interpretation, each semantic interpretation has its own grammatical features, structural forms, usage features, and sentence pattern features. This work uses Putejovsky's (1991) event type analysis to analyze the directional interpretation of directional complements. Predicate Logic, SUM Operation and θ theta role to analysis its resultative interpretation. The dynamic meaning is much more complex than the resultative interpretation and directional interpretation. Although most directional words that express dynamic meanings lose their inherent meaning, sometimes verbs and directional words will form a compound word. In order to obtain a rich corpus of Chinese language, we use the modern "《The Gallant Maiden》" as the main corpus. 现代汉语趋向补语先秦时期就已经开始受到学界的关注，一到汉代趋向补语已经丰富地发展起来了。在二十世纪八十年代就已经有趋向补语本体的研究。在形式上，趋向补语有动词和后面的趋向词组成。我们研究分析汉语趋向补语所呈现的语义即趋向义、结果义、动态义。每一个语义类别虽然都是从趋向词的趋向义引申的，可是都还有作自己本身语法特点、结构形式、使用特点、句型特点等。本文使用Pustejovsky1 （1991）的事件类型分析趋向补语的趋向义。谓词逻辑法、SUM Operation 、θ角色分析结果义。动态义比结果义和趋向义复杂的多。虽然大多表示动态义的趋向词失去其本意，但是有的时候，动词和趋向词将组成一种组配词
为获得汉语丰富的语料，我们使用近代的《儿女英雄传》为主要语库。