ONDO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
The Journal of Arts and Social Sciences is a scholarly publication of the School of Arts and Social Sciences, Adeyemi Federal University of Education, Ondo State, Nigeria. The journal provides a reputable platform for the dissemination of original research, critical reviews, and scholarly discussions in the fields of arts, humanities, and social sciences. It is dedicated to advancing knowledge, promoting interdisciplinary dialogue, and addressing contemporary issues relevant to society, education, culture, and development. The journal welcomes contributions from academics, researchers, and practitioners within and outside Nigeria, and upholds high standards of academic rigor, originality, and ethical scholarship.
ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION IN MUSIC EXAMINATIONS IN NIGERIAN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS: A DISCOURSE
Evaluation is known to involve assessment and judgement about a student's performance in a program of studies. It also determines to what extent the objective of a program is being achieved. This paper explores the current music assessment and evaluation practices in Nigerian tertiary institutions. It examines the factors affecting validity, reliability, objectivity, and consistency of assessment and evaluation in music examinations in these institutions. It equally collated and reviewed the assessment sheets (scoring criteria) for practical examinations in fourteen Nigerian tertiary institutions (seven universities, six colleges of education, and one polytechnic) from four geo-political zones in Nigeria where music is offered. This research used an observation schedule, an online interview and a library search to source its information. The study discovered that there is no uniform practical examination scoring criteria in the Nigerian tertiary institutions (University/Polytechnics/College). The paper recommends a uniform criterion to be used in the tertiary institutions to avoid subjective evaluation. This will help in attaining and sustaining the best practice of music education standards through the music program in Nigeria.
assessment, evaluation, music examinations, rubric, music practical
FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: EXAMINING THE ROLE OF CORRUPTION AND RULE OF LAW IN NIGERIA
Financial inclusion is vital for economic growth by providing affordable financial services to all. In Nigeria, disparities in financial inclusion persist due to low level of institutional. This study explores the relationship between financial inclusion and financial performance using institutional quality moderating variables. Analyzing data from 13 banks listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange using ARDL bounds testing approach. The results show that ATM as a measure of financial inclusion improves return on equity while CBB as a measure of financial inclusion does not enhance financial performance. The study also found that rule of law contributes to ROA in the short run while control of corruption significantly enhances ROE in the long-run. The interaction of corruption and ATM enhances ROE in the short run. However, the interaction CBB and rule of law promotes the ROA in the long run. The study therefore, recommended policy for addressing corruption, strengthening legal institutions, and promoting inclusive financial practices to boost financial performance in Nigeria.
Financial inclusion, financial performance, corruption, rule of law, Nigeria
OLUMIDE ABIODUN AYETIGBO; ADEKUNLE OLUWOLE BINUYO; EUNICE ABIMBOLA ADEGBOLA & JACOB ABU ALABI
FIELDWORK: A FOUNDATIONAL INSTRUMENT IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF GEOGRAPHY
Fieldwork is a foundation in the pedagogy of geography, offering an essential tool for enhancing both teaching and learning within the discipline. This practice encompasses the direct observation, recording, and analysis of geographical features in their natural settings, thereby linking the gap between theoretical knowledge and real-world application. Through immersive experiences, students develop a deeper understanding of spatial relationships, environmental processes, and cultural landscapes. Using the review approach, the paper examines the relationship between geography and fieldwork; forms and stages involved in fieldwork; relevance of fieldwork in geography, and its associated problems, thereby suggesting methods by which fieldwork could be adopted into the teaching and learning process of the subject. Fieldwork cultivates a sense of environmental stewardship and cultural awareness. By exposing students to diverse ecosystems and communities, it highlights the importance of sustainable practices and the intricate connections between people and their environments. This hands-on approach not only enriches the educational experience but also prepares students for future academic pursuits and professional careers in geography and related fields. In conclusion, fieldwork remains a vital instrument in geography education, providing an interactive platform for students to apply theoretical concepts, develop essential skills, and gain a comprehensive understanding of the world around them. Its role in fostering an informed and engaged populace underscores its enduring significance in the discipline.
Geography, Fieldwork, Pedagogy, education, teaching
ATTAINMENT OF PEACE AND SECURITY IN CONTEMPORARY NIGERIA: ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
Nigeria, in recent time, has remained crossly unstable because of a series of worrisome security challenges that are threatening her socio - political lives. The most recent of these challenges are: kidnapping, protest, terrorism, and insurgency, the effects of which are disorder, displacement, and even death. Hence, this paper examines the words peace, security, and traces the evolution of current challenges in the country to insecurity, and as well puts on record factors responsible for insecurity in Nigeria. It then discusses ways of attaining peace and security from Islamic perspectives, citing relevant quotations. This paper does towards attainment of security and peace of mind in the country. In doing this, the paper employs exploratory and theological research methods. Findings reveal that youth unemployment, poverty, and inequality are some of the causes of insecurity in the country. The paper identifies Islamic political principles such as: adl (justice), honesty, and shura (consultation), among others, as practical solutions to these cankerworms. It then recommends the need for government to address the issue of social injustice and inequality prevalent in the country and as well provide basic amenities for the citizens so as to attain security, peace, and peaceful coexistence in the country.
Insecurity, Contemporary Nigerian, adl (justice), shura (consultation)
ZUBAIR SULAIMAN SHITTU; ODENIYI ISMAIL KOLAWOLE & ATOBATELE MOHIYAT ADENIUN
IMPACT OF PUBLIC RELATIONS ON MUSIC AND DIGITAL STREAMING PLATFORMS IN NIGERIA
This paper examines the impact of public relations on the music industry and digital streaming platforms in the Nigerian digital economy. With the rise of digital technologies, the music industry has experienced significant transformations, particularly with the emergence of digital streaming platforms. Public relations play a crucial role in shaping and influencing the perception of music artists and streaming platforms among the Nigerian audience. This study utilizes a review of existing literature as the research method to gather insights and analyse the current understanding of the impact of public relations in the Nigerian music and digital streaming industry. The literature review highlights the evolution of public relations, emphasizing its importance in shaping the perception and reputation of the music industry. It also explores the impact of public relations on digital streaming platforms and the role it plays in enhancing artists' visibility, brand image, and fan engagement, leading to increased music consumption and revenue on streaming platforms. The literature underscores the contribution of public relations efforts in building trust and credibility in digital streaming platforms, thereby fostering user adoption and retention. The findings from this literature review provide valuable insights for music industry professionals, digital streaming platform operators, and public relations practitioners, emphasizing the need to invest in strategic public relations initiatives to navigate the Nigerian digital economy successfully. By understanding the impact of public relations, stakeholders in the music and digital streaming industry can shape their marketing and promotional strategies to effectively engage with the Nigerian audience and drive growth in the digital market.
Public Relations, Music Industry, Digital Streaming Platforms, Nigeria
AJIBOYE TIMOTHY KAYODE & OWOLABI SAMSON SUNDAY
EDUCATIONAL VALUES OF UTILIZING INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF ECONOMICS IN NIGERIA SECONDARY SCHOOLS
The job of the teacher is to transmit educational contents to learners seamlessly. This can be done better when the teacher utilises instructional materials. Instructional materials are aids used by teachers during the teaching and learning process that help students assimilate the educational content. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of these instructional materials in schools today. Where they are available, they are either in short supply or are grossly inadequate. Many scholars have attributed the poor performances of students to several varied factors. Prominent among such factors is the non-utilisation of relevant instructional materials. This study adopts a descriptive approach to analysing the educational value of utilising instructional materials in the teaching and learning of economics in secondary schools in Nigeria. Thus, utilising instructional materials would enhance the teaching and learning process on the one hand and improve students’ performances on the other. It concludes that stakeholders in the education sector should, as a matter of importance, place more priority on the provision of relevant instructional materials to make the teaching and learning process more real, and where such materials are unavailable, improvisation of such materials could be done by teachers when possible.
Educational value, Instructional materials, Teaching and learning, Economics
IRUGHE IGHIWIYSI ROLAND; EGHAREVBA MONDAY IYARE & EDAFE JOEL
THE EFFICACY OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN ENHANCING TEACHING AND LEARNING OF GEOGRAPHY IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NIGERIA
This research investigates the efficacy of instructional materials in enhancing the teaching and learning of geography in senior secondary schools across Nigeria. Geography education plays a pivotal role in fostering students' understanding of spatial relationships, environmental dynamics, and global perspectives. Effective delivery of geography curriculum content relies significantly on the availability and utilisation of appropriate instructional materials. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative interviews with geography educators and quantitative surveys among senior secondary school students. The research examines various forms of instructional materials, such as visual aids, models, maps, and audio-visual tools, assessing their educational value and impact on student engagement and learning outcomes. Additionally, it identifies challenges, including teacher proficiency, resource availability, financial constraints, and maintenance issues, that affect the effective utilisation of instructional materials. Findings underscore the critical role of instructional materials in enhancing the quality of geography education, suggesting recommendations for improving resource accessibility, teacher training, and institutional support to optimise teaching and learning experiences in Nigerian schools. This study contributes valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and curriculum developers aiming to strengthen geography education through enhanced instructional practices and resource management strategies.
efficacy, geography, instructional materials, teaching and learning
AKINFISOYE, EMMANUEL OLUWADUNSIN & OGUNYINKA OLUWASEUN CHRISTIANAH
MATHEMATICS EDUCATION: A TOOL FOR RECREATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
This paper examined how mathematics education can raise business awareness by equipping the youths with creative skills acquisition, self-reliance, and employment generation and also by teaching and engaging them with mathematical modelling games for recreation with the aim of reducing, if not totally eradicating, youth restlessness that usually leads to vices like armed robbery, kidnapping, and political thuggery, with their attendant insecurities, disunity, and underdevelopment of the nation's economy . This paper recommends, among other things, the involvement of mathematicians in the training of youths in some practical mathematical concepts as a means of improving their (youth) acquisition of basic skills for both sustainability and recreational activities.
Mathematics, Education, National Unity, Economic development
25 YEARS OF NIGERIA’S DEMOCRACY AND ITS CHALLENGES
Nigeria started civilian administration again on May 29th, 1999, when military men disengaged from politics. The vision and aspiration of the then civilians, military leaders, rulers and other stakeholders who fought vigorously for civil rule were dashed to pieces and jeopardised because of crises among political parties, corruption, terrorism, and kidnapping that cut across the nooks and crannies of the country, coupled with the role of civil society and the elections tribunal in the last 25 years that have been so worrisome. The paper examines democracy in Nigeria and analyses its challenges. The paper adopted the survey method and used primary and secondary data to gather and collate data. Findings revealed that corruption and lack of internal democracy are parts of the challenges of Nigeria’s democracy in the last 25 years. At the end of the study, the following recommendations were made: (i) political parties in Nigeria should strictly adhere to internal democracy; (ii) all hands should be on deck to deal with all hypocritical behaviour, such as defections from one political party to another and double dealing; and (iii) there should be free, fair, credible, and acceptable elections that cut across the federation during general elections.
Corruption, democracy, election, kidnapping, poverty and terrorism
ATTITUDINAL DISPOSITION OF GRADUATES AND UNDERGRADUATES TO EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH IN SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA
The study examined the attitudinal approach of graduate and undergraduate students to educational research in higher institutions in South Western States of Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design method was adopted, with a population size of four hundred (400) graduates and undergraduates for the study. Three research questions were raised, while structured questionnaire was used by the researchers to collect data. Descriptive statistics of frequency counts, percentages and mean were used to analyze the data gathered. The findings showed that graduates and undergraduates formed poor attitudes towards educational research in Nigerian higher institutions. The factors shown to impact on graduate and undergraduate students’ attitudes toward educational research include academic mentorship, accessibility of resources, funding, among others. There is a significant relationship between behavioural and cognitive aspects towards educational research among graduate and undergraduate students. Higher institutions are shown to play essential roles in educational research. It was recommended that graduates and undergraduates should follow ethical guidelines and standards when collecting and analyzing data, and they should report their findings accurately and honestly. Students should be inspired to attend academic seminars, conferences, workshops and symposia to ensure quality research works.
Attitudinal disposition, graduates, undergraduates, educational research, Nigeria
OJEWUMI JOHNSON SUNDAY; OLOPADE BOSEDE COMFORT & SHOBOWALE LATEEF
A FORENSIC LINGUISTIC STUDY OF CRIME-RELATED IDENTITY (RE) CONSTRUCTION ON NAIRALAND
That the Nigerian nation is crime personified is no longer news. What is, however, worrisome is the rate at which the phenomenon of crime in the context of Nigerian society is fast becoming a tribal dispute on social media. As part of the strategies adopted to stigmatise Nigerian ethnic nationalities, Internet users in Nigeria have deployed vulgar-language and derogatory expressions in constructing and reconstructing crime identities. Extant studies on crime discourse have focused mainly on subjective approaches, with little attention paid to the language used in identity (re)construction from a linguistic perspective. This study explores how language on social media reconstructs identities related to crime. Selected readers’ comments and thoughts on crime news reports in Nairaland are sampled. The theoretical framework of Couthard, Rosa and Leeuwen (2003) was adopted, while the description design was used to analyse the selected online comments with a view to explicating how language is deployed to negotiate crime-related identities in the Nigerian online ethno-cultural context. This investigation promises a clearer understanding of ethnicity and criminality in Nigerian online discussion fora.
Social semiotics, crime, identity (re)construction, ethno-cultural, ethnicity, Nairaland
AKINWANDE BANKOLE IDOWU & IGBAFE KATE RASHIDA
EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENDER AND LEADERSHIP ROLES IN THE NIGERIA MUSIC INDUSTRY
For better decision-making, innovation, and creativity to thrive in the Nigerian music industry, gender diversity is important. The music industry in Nigeria has diverse talents. This study investigates the relationship between gender diversity and leadership roles in the Nigerian music industry. Specifically, it investigated the current level of gender diversity in key leadership positions within the music industry and identified the barriers affecting women in pursuing leadership roles in this industry. It adopted a mixed method approach, thereby employing both the quantitative and qualitative methods. While qualitative data extracted from the Performing Musician Association of Nigeria (PMAN) official websites, peer-reviewed journal articles, and publications by Musical Associations in Nigeria were used for the purpose of this study, quantitative data from a questionnaire survey was obtained from a total of 47 respondents. From both methods, the data analysis revealed a gender imbalance at the key level of leadership positions within PMAN, with only the male gender occupying the key positions. Quantitatively, the majority of the respondents associated failure to advance in leadership pursuits with a lack of gender diversity, societal expectations, and several other gender stereotypes in the music industry. Two major factors were found to constitute barriers to women in leadership positions: cultural norms and social expectations. In essence, it is therefore, recommended that gender diversity and equality be prioritised for the growth and success of the Nigerian music industry.
Barriers to women, Cultural norms, Gender equality, Gender stereotypes, Gender imbalance
GIRL CHILD EDUCATION: A VERITABLE TOOL FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
The education of girls in Nigeria has encountered significant challenges due to entrenched patriarchal norms, resulting in the marginalization of girls in accessing formal education. This paper examined girl child education as a veritable tool for national development in Nigeria. This paper adopted a discursive method. The importance of girl-child education in driving national development cannot be overstated. Investing in the education of girls yields significant economic, social, and sustainable benefits for nations. Educated girls become active contributors to the workforce, leading to increased productivity and economic growth. Moreover, girl-child education plays a crucial role in poverty reduction, as educated girls are empowered to break the cycle of poverty and create a better future for themselves and their communities. However, girl-child education is bedevilled with several problems ranging from traditional and cultural patterns, the presence of the colonialists, religious beliefs, poverty and parental ignorance, cost of education, sexual violence and abuse amongst others as factors in Nigeria. The denial of full educational rights to girls has farreaching consequences for society as a whole. The future of any society becomes uncertain when girls are deprived of their right to education. Therefore, this study recommends that government should take proactive measures to enhance girl-child education by substantially subsidizing tuition fees, particularly in public schools. Both governmental and nongovernmental organizations should collaborate to raise awareness among parents, especially those with limited education, about the dangers and repercussions of inadequate education for girls in local communities and society as a whole.
Girl child education, Veritable tool, Development, Sensitization, Intensify
THE IMPACT OF ARTS AND CRAFTS IN YORUBALAND: A SURVEY OF THE NEW OYO TOWN
Man is the first image created by God as the foremost work of art. This image (man) had been endowed by his creator (God), with various creative artistic skills for decoration, amusement, and ornamental purpose to make a living. Apart from its socio-cultural values in society, the economic advantage of arts and crafts is enormous as it serves as an avenue for income generation. The art and craft works in the new Oyo are replicas of what was obtained in the old Oyo kingdom. It has thus remained a veritable tool for cultural expression, social and economic development of individuals and society. This paper focuses on the evolution of and nature of art and craft in the new Oyo. It further reveals the historical, cultural and economic value it portends in the modern-day Oyo. The empirically based paper explores mainly primary sources with the use of questionnaires for data collection and Chi-square for Results Analysis and discussion of findings. Oral interviews, archival materials and observations of arts and crafts were also made used in the field to have a detailed field assessment. Secondary sources such as textbooks, journal articles, newspapers and magazines report as well as internet materials were also consulted. The paper concludes with the need for funding arts and crafts to sustain the historic past, enhancing its dynamism of innovation and creativity, and advancing the unique culture and traditions of the Yorubas to prevent it from going into extinction.
History, Culture, Arts and Crafts, Development, Empowerment
CHILD ABUSE AND ITS MONUMENTAL CONSEQUENCES IN CONTEMPORARY NIGERIA: ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
Child abuse which refers to all forms of illicit acts against children has reached alarming rates in modern-day Nigeria. Surprisingly, most of those that are seriously affected have been poor children. Meanwhile, Islam seriously condemned all sorts of abuse towards children. Its norms to the children are love, mercy and compassion as documented in the Qur’ân and Hadîth which are also uniquely practised by the Prophet (S) and his companions. Hence, this paper draws the attention of Nigerian parents and guidance in particular, and the entire world in general to the Islamic stand against child abuse and its monumental consequences as contained in the Sharî‘ah. It also conceptualises child abuse, discusses its causes and effects in Nigeria and highlights systematically the Islamic approach towards ameliorating it. The paper also examines the concept of child abuse, its meaning from the Islamic point of view and scholastically highlights its forms with respect to modern-day Nigeria. In doing these, it employs historical and expository methods in driving home its points. The paper argues that the rate of child abuse in Nigeria is alarming and suggests some urgent and research-based steps to be carried out by the parents, the government and Nigerian citizens in reducing the rate at which children are being abused in modern-day Nigeria. It then concludes by suggesting the application of Maqâsid al-Sharî‘ah as related to the children’s well-being as remedies for preventing child abuse in Nigeria.
Child Abuse, Children, Maqâsid al - Sharî‘ah, Modern-day Nigeria
A PRAGMATIC STUDY OF SELECTED PROFILE STATUS ON WHATSAPP VIRTUAL BOARD
The study examines the thematic foci of selected Nigerian profile status on the WhatsApp virtual board. It identifies and analyses the mood structure and speech act features of the selected profile status. The study relates the identified mood structure and speech act features to the context of the situation. This is done to understand the sociopolitical and economic challenges of WhatsApp users and how such challenges have affected their feelings, ideas and perceptions of the Nigerian nation. The data for the study are drawn from the profile status of selected Nigerian WhatsApp users. The profile status of 20 Nigerians from the Southwest is purposively selected for analysis. The choice of Southwest is justified by the researcher’s accessibility of WhatsApp users. The threads of discussion were selected between January 2023 and April 2023. This period was chosen not only because it captured the most recent updates on profile status, but also because it was a tough period in the country when Naira and petroleum were scarce. Pet names are deployed as profile names under analysis so as not to reveal the identities of the users. Data are analysed using Osisanwo’s principles of Mood System (1999) and Searle’s classificatory model of Speech Acts (1979). Findings reveal that mood structure and speech act analysis account for attitudinal, affective and interpersonal meanings in the data. The study posits that WhatsApp profile statuses are characterised by attitudinal, affective and interpersonal meanings. The study concludes that not only does the selected profile status exemplify the socio-political and economic woes of the masses/users in a postcolonial Nigerian nation, the profile status help to realise the significance of the theories adopted for the study.
Pragmatics, Nigeria, WhatsApp and profile status, Mood System, virtual board
AKINWANDE, Bankole Idowu & AKINWANDE, Kehinde Ifedayo
THE INCREASING RATE OF SEXUAL ABUSE OF WOMEN AND THE GIRL-CHILD BY SOME PASTORS IN NIGERIA
The study examines some prevalent sexual abuse of women and the girl child among some pastors in Nigeria. Sexual abuse has become a major concern in some churches and has given rise to a lot of debate as to the role of pastors in evaluating the plight of the masses in Nigerian society. Churches may grow as a direct result of poverty and joblessness. Some pastors falsely proclaim themselves to be prophets while engaging in dishonest and immoral practices. The bulk of the followers and devotees of these male religious leaders are female. They exploit ignorant women who are faced with a lot of problems. Some of these pastors claim to be carrying out God’s instructions by calling for deliverance for women and children from demons and evil spirits. While some women were asked to sleep with them in the bid to become pregnant with children, others are duped of their hard-earned money for prayers and spiritual cleans. The paper employed a historical descriptive and analytical method, drawing materials from secondary sources; the secondary source has to do with both published and unpublished materials from the library, books, journals, newspapers, the internet etc. The paper recommends and concludes that there is a need for the government to put in place regulatory bodies to monitor the activities of these pastors and their churches.
Girl-Child, Women, Nigeria, Pastor, Sexual Abuse
JIBROMAH Oghenekevwe Kate; AJANI Tunde Olanrewaju & BADEMOSI Seyifunmi Damilola
TACKLING VOTE BUYING IN NIGERIA’S ELECTORAL AND DEMOCRATIC SPACE
This paper examines the practice of vote buying as an entrant into the political lexicon in Nigeria’s electoral and democratic space. The practice since its introduction in the 2018 governorship elections in Osun and Ekiti states has now assumed a bigger proportion hence, the need to interrogate it. The paper using the content analysis method adopts the domino effect theory as a basis of analysis. The objective of the paper is to examine how vote buying inhibits Nigeria’s electoral and democratic space. It argues that though vote buying appears had wide acceptance, it is an affront to constitutional democracy and the freedom of choice which democracy promotes. The paper examines factors that are enablers of vote buying and its many variants and concludes that anything that hinders freedom of choice and popular participation of the people must be discouraged and discountenanced. The paper recommends among others limiting the amount of cash withdrawals made by individuals and corporate bodies three months before the election.
Vote Buying, democratic practice, constitutional democracy, popular participation
ADETUNJI Olumuyiwa Adebayo; AYUBA Suleiman & OKE, Gbenga Samuel
THE EFFECT OF CAPITAL INFLOW ON POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGERIA
This study used annual data that spanned 35 years, starting from 1986 to 2020 to analyze the effect of inflows of capital on poverty reduction in Nigeria. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method was used to investigate both the short and long-run relationship. The ARDL Bound co-integration test showed evidence of a long-run relationship between capital inflows and poverty reduction. The result showed that both in the short and long-run, capital inflows positively impacted poverty reduction. Also, in the short run, there was a negative relationship between human capital and poverty reduction but in the long-run the relationship between human capital and poverty reduction is positive. However, government spending did not contribute to the reduction of poverty either in the short-run or long-run, likewise gross capital formation. Based on the findings from this study, the onus is on the government to put more effort on how to increase capital inflows and also ensure that the capital is distributed to the appropriate quarters where it will be used for productive activities that will bring drastic reduction to the poverty rate in the country.
ARDL, poverty reduction, Nigeria, capital inflows
Oyeleke Olusola Joel; AROWOLO Omobola Hannah & OYINKANSOLA Racheal Ojetola
LOGIT APPROACH TO GENDER AND POVERTY IN SELECTED AFRICAN COUNTRIES
The rate of poverty in developing countries, especially in African countries, has been alarming in recent years with the proportion of people living on less than a dollar per day increasing. The current widening dimensions of poverty and general economic problems signify that a high level of income inequality exists in many sub-Saharan African countries although disparities exist between countries and regions. Furthermore, poverty has been indeed feminised. Despite the vital role women play in society, there has been an increase in the proportion of women within the poverty cycle compared to men. Using microdata from the Afrobarometer website, these conjectures were examined with their impact on economic development as a whole. The result of the logit approach conducted on four selected regions consisting of 36 countries shows that good economic condition reduces the incidence of poverty while access to medical treatment, age, and education (primary and secondary) increases poverty in the selected region. This study also came up with policy prescriptions that will help in eradicating inequality and poverty in particular.
Poverty, Gender, Inequality, Development, Sub-Saharan Africa
THE IMPLICATION OF URBANIZATION ON LAND USE/LAND COVER AND RUNOFF TRENDS DYNAMICS IN ABEOKUTA (1988-2018)
This paper investigates the implication of urbanization on land use/land cover and runoff in Abeokuta from 1988-2018. Land use/Land-cover changes in the study area were quantified by extracting data from satellite imagery; the flow data of the Ogun River from 1988-2018 was also evaluated. The study shows gross changes in the 6 land cover types identified in the study area which were estimated for Landsat imagery (1988, 1998, 2008, and 2018); with some of the land cover types increasing while others decreased. An estimated increase in the built-up area occurred within the space of 30 years from 38.8km2 in 1988 to 109.3km2 in 2018; light forest increased from 6.1 8km2 in 1988 to 118km2 in 2018 while dense forest/swamp decreased from 66.8 8km2 in 1988 to 398km2 in 2018. The Mann-Kendall statistical technique was used to identify significant decreasing, increasing, and stable trends in time series data. The study shows both increasing and decreasing trends in the different land use types identified; also that urbanization affects the trend of runoff in Abeokuta from 1988 - 2018, it was discovered that the increase in runoff trend is directly proportional to the increase in impervious surfaces. The implication of this is the recurrent incidence of flood, loss of lives and properties, loss of arable lands, and human displacement. The paper suggests ways of reducing impervious surfaces in the study area like increasing green spaces, land reclamation, etc. and mitigating the effects of floods like legislation against building on floodplains, introduction of forest reserves, etc.
Abeokuta, Land use/Land cover, Runoff, Trends, Urbanization
BAKARE Katherine Olayinka & AKINFISOYE Emmanuel Oluwadunsin
MONETARY POLICY REGIMES AND MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA
The study examines the effectiveness of monetary policy in influencing macroeconomic performance during the monetary targeting and inflation targeting regimes. Money supply and interest rate are the two policy instruments for the two regimes. The study employed autoregressive distributed lag to estimate variables such as gross domestic product, inflation, exchange rate, total government expenditure, public debt, oil price, per capita income, investment, and unemployment. The study uses annual secondary data that is sourced from the central bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin and world development indicator (online version) between 1986 and 2021. Results show that monetary policy is not effective in influencing macroeconomic performance during the monetary targeting regime as an increase in the stock of money is used for the importation of finished goods. However, monetary policy performs better under the inflation-targeting regime with an interest rate as the policy instrument. The study concludes that inflation targeting should be made explicit in the country and therefore, recommended that interest rate should be the nominal anchor in Nigeria.
Output; ARDL, Monetary Policy; Inflation Targeting
APANISILE Olumuyiwa Tolulope & SOSANYA Olayibo Olabopo
WOMEN’S RELIGIOUS AND CROSS-CULTURAL BURDEN IN THE SELECTED WORKS OF AFRICAN FEMALE WRITERS
Culture and religion have been the favourite subjects while discussing the problems of African women. Right from time, the culture of African societies operates within a patriarchal system that establishes norms and morals which favour the birth of a male child over the female. These norms defined the cultural value that guides the decision and behaviour of the society against the relevance of a female child. While culture might be entirely patriarchal in nature, religion shapes this cultural system. Of course, the religion of a people is defined through their cultural attributes. Culture and religion in this stead, have been the spearheads of the disadvantage women experience in African society. They are the founts of male chauvinism, infringing the rights of women as members of society. This study, therefore, explores qualitative textual analysis method to showcase religion and cultural influence on African women against the problem relating to motherhood, womanhood, widowhood and polygamy in Buchi Emecheta’s “The Joys of Motherhood,” Mariama Ba’s “So Long a Letter,” and Grace Ukala’s “The Broken Bond.” It also contributes to the understanding of these complexities and highlights the importance of literature in shedding light on these issues. The paper further examines the feminist literary theory to understand the intersection of gender, culture, and power in African women’s experiences and redefine women’s image within social and gender contexts.
Women, Religion, Cross-Culture, Burden, African Female writers, Motherhood, Widowhood, Polygamy, Abandonment
THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL AND CREATIVE ARTS IN BASIC EDUCATION IN NIGERIA
The influence of Cultural and Creative Arts on basic education in Nigeria is examined in this paper. It features in different aspects of Nigerian education, especially at primary and junior secondary levels, in form of teaching methods, co-curricular activity and entertainment. It is relevant as an instrument for achieving high-level attendance, retention and academic performance in basic education. However, Cultural and Creative Arts could bring about an indiscriminate intermingling of males and females. Teachers’ role towards ensuring positive influence and guiding against negative ones include counselling of parents and other stakeholders, monitoring pupils at work and at play and co-operating with all stakeholders in ensuring achievement of educational objectives. It is recommended that Cultural and Creative Arts should be included in all programmes of teacher education.
Creative arts education, universal basic education, theatre education, music education
SUSTAINABILITY DISCLOSURE AND PROFITABILITY OF INSURANCE FIRMS IN NIGERIA
This study sought to find the relationship that exists between corporate sustainability reporting and firm profitability in insurance companies. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design and utilized secondary data sourced from the annual reports and financial statements of the twenty-one insurance firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange in the period of study. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyse the results for a 10-year spread from 2011 to 2020. The results showed that just about 16% of the companies had a standalone sustainability report. The majority of disclosures were about social sustainability. The analysis revealed that Sustainability had a significant negative relationship with Return on Equity while the relationship with earnings per share was positive but insignificant. This result could discourage firms from investing in sustainability if a positive impact on shareholders’ wealth is not guaranteed. It is recommended that Sustainability development and reporting be encouraged by the government through legislation of standardized reports, tax incentives and other government support.
Sustainability, Sustainability disclosure, Earnings per share, Return on Equity, Insurance firms
OLUWAJUYITAN Oluwatoyin Adebola & AKINRINOLA, Olalekan ( Phd)
INSTITUTIONAL GOVERNANCE, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
This study examined the connection between institutional quality, financial development and economic growth in low-income countries of sub-Saharan Africa during the period of 2001- 2020. The study makes use of panel data from 22 sub-Saharan countries. The system GMM was used as the technique of estimation. The study found that financial development negatively impacts economic growth in low-income countries. The results also showed that institutional quality contributes to economic growth. The results showed that the interaction of institutional quality with financial development does not enhances economic growth in low-income countries.
Institutional quality, financial development, economic growth, GMM, Sub- Saharan Africa
ONDO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, VOL 23 NO 1, 2023